Nobel Prizes for the discoveries in Biology
List of Nobel Prizes for the discoveries in the field of Life Sciences and Biological Sciences.
The Nobel Prize is a prestigious international award that recognizes achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. It was established in 1895 by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist and inventor, and is considered one of the most prestigious awards in the world. However it is provided in multiple fields, we are providing a list of the Nobel Prizes from the field of Biology or Life Sciences.
Nobel Prizes for the discoveries in Biology
There have been many Nobel Prizes awarded in the field of biology over the years. Some notable examples include:
- 1901: Emil Adolf von Behring, for his work on diphtheria serum therapy
- 1908: Paul Ehrlich, for his work on immunity
- 1912: Alexis Carrel, for his work on tissue culture and transplantation
- 1915: Robert Bárány, for his work on the vestibular apparatus
- 1922: Archibald Vivian Hill, for his discovery of the production of heat in the muscle
- 1929: Christiaan Eijkman, for his discovery of the anti-beriberi vitamin
- 1932: Charles Nicolle, for his discovery that lice transmit typhus
- 1935: Hans Spemann, for his work on the induction of embryonic primordial cells
- 1943: Henrik Dam, for his discovery of the anti-bleeding vitamin K
- 1952: Selman Waksman, for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis
- 1959: Severo Ochoa, for his discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid
- 1968: Robert W. Holley, for his work on the structure of nucleic acids
- 1975: David Baltimore, for his discovery of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that plays a key role in the replication of retroviruses
- 1983: Barbara McClintock, for her discovery of mobile genetic elements
- 1984: César Milstein, for his work on monoclonal antibodies
- 1988: Gertrude B. Elion, for her work on the development of drugs for treating cancer and immune disorders
- 1993: Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A. Sharp, for their discovery of split genes
- 1995: Edward B. Lewis, for his work on the genetic control of early embryonic development
- 1997: Stanley B. Prusiner, for his discovery of prions, a new type of infectious agent
- 2002: Sydney Brenner, John E. Sulston, and H. Robert Horvitz, for their work on the genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death
- 2006: Andrew Z. Fire and Craig C. Mello, for their discovery of RNA interference, a process that regulates the expression of genes at the molecular level
- 2009: Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W. Greider, and Jack W. Szostak, for their discovery of telomerase, an enzyme that plays a key role in the aging process
- 2012: Shinya Yamanaka and John Gurdon, for their discovery that adult cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent stem cells
- 2015: William C. Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura, and Youyou Tu, for their discoveries related to the treatment of diseases caused by parasites
- 2017: Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young, for their discoveries related to the molecular basis of the body's circadian rhythms
- 2018: James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo, for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation
- 2020: Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier, for the development of CRISPR-Cas9, a gene-editing tool
This is just a selection of the Nobel Prizes that have been awarded in the field of biology. There have been many other notable achievements recognized by the Nobel Prize in other fields related to biology, such as chemistry, physics, and medicine.